The origin of islam, what is sunni and Shia what are the key Essay

The origin of islam, what is sunni and Shia what are the key differences between the two branches of islam and what kind of issues arise from the differences - Essay Example This paper presents an in-depth and critical analysis of the history of Islam and the major differences between the Shia and Sunni sects (Esposito 97). It does this by focusing on the origin and meaning of the religion and goes ahead to look at the differences between the beliefs hold by the Shia and Sunni and how they have impacted on their relationships. Islam is a religion that was coined from an Arabic word ‘salema’ which can be interpreted to mean ‘submission, peace or obedience.’ As a monotheistic religion, all Muslims (believers of Islamic faith) are required to submit to the Allah and worship Him as the only God. Meaning, they should submit to His will and always accept to obey His laws because it is the best thing to do by a believer as it can provide peace and fulfillment. Just like any other religion, Islam has a set of doctrines that are contained in a Quran-its main holy book. These were passed through Prophet Mohamed (PBUH). In terms of teachings, Islam has its unique set of doctrines that all its believers are expected to practice. These fundamental teachings can be summarized into five main pillars: shahadah; sawm; salat; zakat; and hajj. Each of these stipulates requirements that each and every Muslim needs to fulfill as part of their spiritual pursuit. For instance, according to shahadah, each and every believer should not believe in the existence of any other god rather than Allah and His prophet Mohamed (PBUH). On the other hand salat requires believers to say prayers to Allah five times per day. Meanwhile, zakat advocates for the contribution of alms by each and every believer so as to help the poor people who can not afford daily bread. Nonetheless, sawm requires every Muslim believer to perform the ritualistic annual fasting during the holy month of Ramadan (Esposito 91). Last, but not least, hajj, all able Muslim believers need to pay pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in their life time becaus e it is the holy city of

Data Storage Technology Options for Business Need Essay

Data Storage Technology Options for Business Need - Essay Example For computer systems technology to cope with these intensifying storage and processing needs, the demand for performance and storage capacity has risen acutely. This has contributed to the manufacture, invention, and uses of a variety of physical storage devices for computer systems. These physical storage mediums in the contemporary computing world range from the familiar usual floppy disk, hard disk, flash drive, DVDs and CD-ROMs, and tapes that are commonly used in Information Communications Technology business and organization sectors. It’s also important to note that these storage devices have different file allocation methods and size allocation. This is therefore what is going to form the discussion basis of this paper. Additionally, this paper will also evaluate the concept of fragmentation of file systems on the storage devices and how best they could be managed (Parsons & Oja, 2009). The computer storage devices are divided into three major classes including Magnetic , Optical, and Semiconductor. Computer storage systems are also widely referred to as secondary storage media or devices. Magnetic storage devices basically record and store information in the form of magnetized spots. These magnetized spots are represented by binary codes with a magnetized head that slightly hangs freely above the surface of the storage device that reads and records information by use of electric charges. The data hence can be retained, erased or replaced by the use of new magnetic spots. Examples of magnetic storage include the Tape, referred to as magnetic tape that is used to read, write and store information up to a terabyte. They are generally used in magnetic tape recorders or machines to record and write data after which the tapes can be connected to gadgets that can read the  information.

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Essay From reading Of Mice and Men sections one and two we know that George and Lennie’s relationship is a bit confusing as George mainly covers Lennie’s back. We also see that George can put Lennie down at times when George is annoyed at Lennie. Although from reading section three I can tell that their relationship is slowly becoming closer and a kinder one. Firstly, George is starting to make Lennie seem a little happier and to show him that he is not all bad at things. We can see this on page 43, line 4, ‘he’s sure of a good worker. Strong as a bull.’ This shows that George is at least trying to make Lennie feel good about himself. Another example of this can be seen again on page 43, line 11,’ he can do anything you tell him, said George. He’s a good skinner.’ This quote could mean that George really does deep down love Lennie as a friend. Secondly, the other hand George can be harsh to Lennie on the odd occasion where George is trying to be funny. A quote for this can be found on page 45, line 5,’ I wasn’t kicked in the head with no horse, was I, George? Be a darn good thing if you was, George said viciously. Save ever’ body or hell of a lot of trouble.’ We can tell from this that George tries to make himself laugh by saying bad things about Lennie. Thirdly, Lennie seems that he does not really seem to make a matter of that he is being treated badly by George sometimes. We can see this on page 43, line 7, ‘George scowled at him, and Lennie dropped his head in shame.’ This shows that he is upset by how he drops his head but doesn’t say anything back to try and defend himself. Shows that he is getting bullied by George a bit. Fourthly and finally another way their relationship builds up is how they always dream of the future and how they both want the best for each other also how they sort of know that it will be all good. I’m guessing that they will talk about the future a couple more times later on in the book. So from reading section 3 we can see that their relationship is very slowly getting better and their bond is getting tighter but George sometimes slows the relationship down, but can say good and positive things about Lennie on the odd occasion.

Preventing and Reducing Youth Crime and Violence

Preventing and Reducing Youth Crime and Violence The assay aggregation accepted assorted approaches to adolescence violence. We tend to accepted assorted theories in sociology, psychology, human development, and accessible health, and frameworks for the way professionals and agents in those fields access adolescence abandon as a drag. These frameworks advise the goals and methods in every fields programming and acknowledgment to adolescence violence (Dahlberg, 1998). As an example, if the basis relies during a bent abettor model, again programs would possibly specialize in rehabilitation or penalization of youth. If the framework sees adolescence abandon as unhealthiness, like about health, again means would possibly actualize education, treatment, and bar. The Adolescence Abandon Systems Project has called the amusing ecological approach as our basal framework for this Adolescence Abandon Systems Project Model (Dahlberg, 1998). Bars, clubs and more broad nightlife facts or conditions (that surround someone) are a significant part of the time the scenes of evil violence between young people. Such youth harshness is often related to the use of alcohol; alcohol is a key risk changeable for both misused people and guilty parties of youth unpleasantness yet in like manner an important bit of nightlife (community of people/all good people in the world) in different countries (Dahlberg, 1998). Youth wildness in nightlife can have destroying hits/effects on the quality of young people more than that puts huge inconveniences on more far reaching (community of people/all good people in the world) (Dahlberg, 1998). The Violence Prevention Friendly partnership Working Group on Youth Violence and alcohol has set up to allow children to come receive guidance all over the world and intelligence around the world on prevention of liquor and other related youth violence in the gangs settings. The amount of the issue; the danger basics for exploited people and offenders; the effects; and avoidance ration (Dahlberg, 1998). The reason for this Request for Applications is to give power to creative research for youth violence action, treatment, management (bus, car, train, etc.) and upkeep of conduct change. This RFA requests exploratory/formative research applications investigating the interpretation of thoughts from extremely important behavioral and social science into novel mediations for children and youth showing or at danger for strong (and scary) conduct(Mercy, Butchart,, Farrington,2002). This three-year gift system looks for applications from very interested agents to lead lucky, creative, formative, or methodological behavioral exploring things, pilot tasks, or possibility thinks about that backing (full of imagination), novel youth roughness helping (another person) research (Mercy,Butchart,, Farrington,2002).These studies may include/combine procedure test/evaluation and model testing, procedure (moving ahead or up) and acceptance, and steering of a mediation before big and wide scale testing (Mercy,Butchart,, Farrington,2002).The target is to sway basic starting improvement to give a (reason for doing or saying something) to extremely important future youth evil violence mediation research. Examiners who wish to (change to make better/change to fit new conditions) new ways of doing things or procedures created in different fields to study exploratory roads in youth roughness helping (another person) exploring things are strongly encouraged to apply. Also/and supported are group efforts between agents of danger (numbers that change/things that change) for youth evil violence and behavioral (action that helps a bad situation) lists from related fields (Mercy, Butchart, Farrington, 2002). This RFA is not planned for huge scale efforts/tries, nor to backing or add to/addition going forward examination. Rather agents are strongly encouraged to investigate the practicality of a clever examination question or way(s) of doing things which is based on information picked up from investigations of danger, cause (of a disease) and extremely important behavioral forms, and to create an exploring things (reason for doing or saying something) for a resulting application through other NIH programs (Mercy, Butchart, Farrington,2002).Toward the end of every projects authority grant period, an aggressive reestablishment application that pieces of fruit the discoveries of these aids to a full scale helping (another person) study may be submitted for companion audit and rivalry for backing through the normal award projects of the taking an interest offices (Mercy,Butchart,, Farrington,2002). A mixture of ways of doing things have been tried to reduce animal-like conduct among children. The most normal helping (another person) s look to change peoples abilities, personality/desire and convictions (Flannery, 1999). These sorts of projects are almost always done in school settings also are meant to help children and young people oversee annoyance, resolution fight/disagreement, and create the very important social abilities to take care of issues (Flannery, 1999). An alternate basic set of action ways of doing things tending to youth roughness concentrates on right on time helping (another person) with children and families (Flannery,1999). Such projects give folks data about tyke improvement and show them how to do enough to train, screen and control kids, and also how to oversee family fight/disagreement and improve back-and-forth writing Flannery, 1999). Guardian and family-based helping (another person) s are among the most guaranteeing methods for delivering long haul reductions of value in youth animal-like violence (Flannery, 1999). Different ways of doing things concentrate on group settings furthermore a percentage of the more easily seen (related to social pressure, how people act toward each other, etc.) elements identified with youth (violent, animal-like behavior). They run from open data fights and group policing to improving settings, for example, schools and clinics (Flannery, 1999). Also/and included are (related to managing and running a company or organization), legal, and (teaches things) changes and other arrangement changes meant to help (reduce) the hits/effects of quick social change and tackle weapon evil violence among teens. Almost all these ways of doing things, however, have not been tested/evaluated (Flannery, 1999). The standards of social difficulty educated guess, created in investigations of city-based neighborhoods, can be connected to simple groups. In the nonmetropolitan districts that made up the study test, for every capita rates of teen capture for strong (and scary) offenses were (almost completely) and reliably connected with private insecurity, (related to a group of people with the same race, culture, religion, etc.) mixed qualities, and family interruption (Zimring, 2000). In view of the quality and consistency of the discoveries, family disturbance, specifically, gives off an impression of being a discriminating part of social disruption in nonmetropolitan groups. The discoveries are steady over the located of evil and violent offenses. Many specialists limit/hold down their investigations to a couple of offenses that they attempt to be most dependably recorded, for example, (murder without intent to kill) and crime (where things are stolen from inside a building) (Zimring, 2000). In fact, there can be little doubt that law approval officers have less skill (when dealing with people) about whether to make captures for these offenses or that hurt/blamed people and observers are more likely to experience/likely to get report them. In any case, the connections of group qualities to the rate of basic attacks are about unable to be separated to those for the other evil and violent offense classes, for example, attack and bothered attack (Zimring, 2000).Therefore, instead of discovering disagreeing results for less real/honest offenses, the information gave extra true and positive statement to the general example of results (Zimring, 2000). References Dahlberg PhD, L. L. (1998). Youth violence in the United States: Major trends, risk factors, and prevention approaches. American journal of preventive medicine, 14(4), 259-272. Flannery, R. B. (1999). Preventing youth violence. Bloomsbury Publishing. Mercy, J. A., Butchart, A., Farrington, D. (2002). Youth violence. Zimring, F. E. (2000). American youth violence. Oxford University Press.

The Edmund Fitzgerald :: essays papers

The Edmund Fitzgerald Since commercial shipping began on the five Great Lakes, there have Been six thousand shipwrecks. Half have never been found. There are three storms The sailors still talk about: The great storm of 1913 claimed 250 lives and 12 ships. The storm of 1940 claimed 100 lives and two ships. The storm of 1975 claimed only one ship and 29 lives. The wreck of 1975 remains the most mysterious and controversial of all shipwreck tales heard around the Great Lakes. The legend of the Edmund Fitzgerald is surpassed in books, and film and media only by that of the Titanic. Its mystery even led Canadian folksinger Gordon Lightfoot to write a ballad about the vessel, â€Å"the Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald,† which in turn inspired popular interest in the story and the ship. Here I think would be a good place to look at some background regarding the ship. The S.S. Edmund Fitzgerald was conceived as a business enterprise of the Northern Mutual Insurance Company of Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Northern Mutual contracted with Great Lakes Engineering Works of Ecorse, Michigan to construct a â€Å"maximum sized† Great Lakes bulk carrier. The keel was laid on August 7, 1957 as hull no. 301. The ship was named after the President and Chairman of the board of Northern Mutual, and the Fitzgerald was launched June 8, 1958 at River Rouge, Michigan. Northern Mutual placed the ship under permanent charter to the Columbia Transportation Division of Oglebay Norton Company, Cleveland, Ohio. At 729 feet long, 75 feet wide and 13,632 gross tons, the ship was the largest ship on the Great Lakes, for thirteen years, until 1971. The Fitzgerald's normal coarse during its productive life took it between Silver Bay, Minnesota, where she loaded taconite, to steel mills on the lower lakes in the Detroit And Toledo area. It was usually empty on its return trip to Silver Bay. (Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum—www.shipwreckmuseum.com/about.html) On November 9, 1975 Fitzgerald was to transport a load of taconite from Superior, Wisconsin, to Zug Island, Detroit, Michigan. Not Cleveland, as referenced to in the song by Gordon Lightfoot. The final voyage of the Edmund Fitzgerald began at the Burlington Northern Railroad Dock No. 1, Superior, Wisconsin. Captain Ernest M McSorly had loaded it with 26,116 long tons of taconite pellets, made of processed iron ore, heated and rolled into marble-size balls.

Government Surveillance vs Privacy :: Security vs Privacy

Spying is nothing new to the world. History books tell us that ancient civilizations like the Roman Empire, Egypt, Chine, India, and so on used it. On top of that, 1900s regimes like the Former Soviet Union and Nazi’s Germany used spying tactics around the world wars. The main use of spying at that time mostly was for political and military advantage. These countries were successful on spying. However, in the 21st century surveillance is used in different and very complicated way. So many crimes and terrorist attacks forced governments around the world to use electronic surveillance to protect their own people. This electronic surveillance is very complicated and you don’t even know it is happening and you are the target. The US government is the main leader on this. For years the US government used eavesdropping and wire tapping to catch criminals (Landau 301). People debated on the issues, but it was left unanswered. In 2013, surveillance became the nation wide debate topic, once again after Edward Snowdon’s leakage of classified information from the NSA. From the leaked information evidence shows that NSA is surveilling millions of innocent people, illegally. Now, the US government took the use of surveillance to the next level. This level is unprecedented and unheard in human history. The government uses internet to surveil people’s private information; this got my attention and I started to search for reasons. And NSA makes only one argument when asked why they surveil. TERRORISM or CRIME. Then I asked myself; why surveil innocent people who have done absolutely nothing? In this case, I looked around some sources and decided that the government should stop surveilling people illegally. The government should find different ways to stop terrorism and crimes or they should only surveil people with history of violence. On top of that, people should also worry about big companies like Google, Facebook, Twitter, Amazon, Citibank, and so on. This is because they have also our private information like the government and there is more chances of private information leaking. Like I mentioned earlier, several things happening around us that we don’t recognize in today’s world,. One of the things is the surveillance program. When I walk around in the city I live, I see cameras installed almost outside of every apartments complex, big buildings, and so on. However, that is not what worries me the most.

Faust- Romantic Hero Essay

In the intellectual history of Europe, Johann Wolfgang yon Goethe is central to the development of Romantic thinking, which was contemporary in his day. Goethe attempted to see the world in a new light; he reconsiders old questions of good and evil, as well as questions about human nature. The story of Faust allows such considerations. Romantics strive for something beyond their reach, beyond anyone’s reach. Contentment is not their goal. One place that we see Faust’s striving is in his conversation on â€Å"unrest† with Wagner (699-702). Just as Wagner illustrates the normal academic who thinks that books hold all the answers he needs, Faust as a Romantic has come both to realize the limitations of what’s in books and to be unwilling to accept those limitations. Wagner thinks Faust should enjoy the reputation he has as a doctor among the peasants, but Faust knows the reputation is a sham. He and his father were in truth helpless against the ravages of the plague (although they obviously at least comforted the sick). Faust’s aspirations permit him to make a bargain with Mephistopheles, especially since a part of the bet involves Mephistopheles’ belief that Faust will eventually enjoy contentment. Rather than seeking knowledge, which had been a goal of the Faust of German and English tradition, Goethe’s Faust seeks experience and feeling. This also makes his quest apart of the Romantic tradition. The Romantic hero must approach life’s mysteries by active participation, not by reflection. When Faust and Mephistopheles see the witch for her medicine, what Faust wants is youth, so that he can experience what he may have missed while he was absorbed in his studies. And what he comes to want then is Margaret, the peasant maid who looks like a beauty to the revitalized man. The Romantic has spiritual goals, but they’re usually outside of conventional religions. We see this most directly in the scene between Gretchen and Faust. She wants him to be a Christian, but Faust’s spirituality cannot be contained by dogma. To follow this Romantic thread, think of Christianity as a revealed religion, embraced by the European and German society of the time. It made many late eighteenths and early nineteenth century people feel safe and secure. You can see how this picture of comfort might fall outside of the Romantic’s striving, since he seeks a mystery beyond the conventional. The Romantic hero must be willing to break free of bounds, no matter the consequences. Another key romantic characteristic is a faith in nature as a creative source, as both a source of comfort and energy. Faust expresses his enthusiasm early when he contrasts the value of experiencing nature with the deadness of books (685). What impresses him about Easter is the revitalizing force of spring rather than the story of Jesus (695-6). It is the exalted spirit of nature that he credits with allowing him to penetrate Gretchens heart, and that he credits with giving him the companion Mephistopheles 747-48 -48). Conclusion Besides a faith in nature, romantics idealize childhood and women, seeing in them a purity and honesty of emotions that are difficult to attain in the intellectual and adult worlds. This romanticism can be seen in Goethe’s plotting, as he has the church bell remind Faust of his childhood so that the character does not commit suicide early in the play. Also, the love affair with Gretchen leads to the drama’s climax. References Faust Supplemented Study Guide: Retrieved from World Wide Web http://faculty. southwest. tn. edu/llipinski/ENGL2320T201/content/lesson18_handout. htm Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Faust, Publisher, Oxford University Press, 1998.